Apparatus for pneumatic painting



a sheets-sheet 1.

(No Model.)

Patented Nov. 2, 1897.

A. FISHER. APPARATUS POR PNEUMATIC PAINTING.

Inventor.

Witnesses.

Attorney. Y

(No ModeL) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. A. FISHER.

APPARATUS POR PNBUMATIC PAINTING. No. 593,013. Patented Nov., 2, 1897.

Inventor L a VCJ.

Attorney.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 8. A FISHER APPARATUS IOR PNEUIVIAIIGPAINTING.

No. 593,013. Patented NOV. 2, 1897.

Invernal'.

Attorney.

Witnesses. 2. E:

s mens co, mmolmso.. wmmmow. n. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT @Erica ABEL FISHER, OF WELLSVILLE, OHIO.

APPARATUS" FOR PNEUMATIC PAlNTiNG.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 593,013, dated November2, 1897.

Application filed September 2, 1896. Serial No. 604,624. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, ABEL FISHER, a citizen of the United States,residing in IVellsville, in the county of Columbiana, in the State ofOhio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Apparatusfor Pneumatic Painting, of which the following is a true and exactdescription, the accompanying drawings being had reference to, saiddrawings forming a part of the speoication.

My invention relates to what may be called a pneu matic paintingapparatus,7 consisting of mechanism designed to facilitate theapplication of paint "to objects to be painted by throwing it upon themin the form ot a iine spray.

section taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1.

The object of my invention is to generally improve the construction ofapparatus of this kind; and it consists in improvements in theconstruction of the spraying nozzle or nozzles; also,in improvements inthe mechanism which controls the delivery of fluid paint and air to thenozzle; also, in improvements in what may be called the spraying-head,designed to facilitate its manipulation by the hands of the operator;also, .in improvements in the sources of supply of paint and compressedair and in various details of construction.

The nature of my improvements will be best understood as described inconnection with the drawings, in which they are illustrated, and inwhich- Figure l. is a side elevation of the sprayinghead, taken on thevertical sections l l of Fig. 4. Fig. l is a view of the lower part ofthe pistol-grip handle. Fig. 2 is an end view of the nozzle; Fig. 8, asectional view of the nozzle, taken on the section-line Il et of Fig. 1.Fig. 4 is a plan view of the spraying-head; Fig. 5, a horizontal sectiontaken on the section-line 2 2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 6, a horizontal Fig. 7 isa front view of the inner or paint nozzle, showing the construction ofits outer walls, which form the inner walls of the air-nozzle. Fig. 8 isa plan view of this nozzle. Fig. 9 is a view taken on section-line 5 5of Fig. 8, and Fig. l() is an elevation showing the reservoirtankcombined in operative condition with the spraying-nozzle.

A A is the air-nozzle of the spraying device.

It is formed with converging walls A A',Which project, as shown, somedistance beyond the end of the paint-nozzle, (indicated at F.) Thenozzle A is secured to the tube B in such wise that it can turn upon thetube B for at least an angle of ninety degrees and without loosening thejoint between the nozzle and the tube. This may be accomplished invarious ways. As shown, I forni. at the rear of the nozzle A an annularshoulder A2, over which lits the flange of threaded tube C, screwingonto the tube B at B', and between the end A3 of the nozzle A and theend of the tube B, I place an elastic washer or gasket D, which willinsure a tight joint through a considerable range of movement of thethreaded tube or sleeve C.

To supplement the bearing of the end A3 of the nozzle upon the washer D,l prefer to employ a metallic washer E, to which is soldered orotherwise fastened a sleeve Evhich passes into the bore of the tube Band forms a Wall to prevent the displacement of the elastic washer D.

B3 indicates an annular shoulder at the rear end of the open part of thetube B; B4, a threaded perforation; B5 B5, a tubular extensionterminating in a valve-seat BC', preferably formed by cutting off thetubular eXtension B5 at an angle which, as shown, is fortyiive degrees.

F indicates the paint-spraying nozzle,which is firmly secured to a tubeG, said tube G hav- Ving a threaded end G', which screws into thethreaded hole Bi, and having also an annular flange G2, and preferablyan annular slot G3 in the rear of said iiange. In securing the tube G tothe tube B, I prefer to place an elastic washer D against the annularshoulder B3, and then upon the outside of the elastic washer I place ametallic washer E2, against which the flange G2 rests when the tube G isscrewed down into B4. The function of the elastic washer D' is to keep atight joint,while permitting, as in the case of the elastic washer D,some freedom of motion to the tube G. On each side of the air-nozzle A,I form parallel grooves A4, in which iit the lateral edges F4 of thenozzle F. The side walls of the nozzle F, like the walls A' of thenozzle A, are of converging shape, and they form the inner walls, so tospeak, for the two flat air-jets which issue on each side of the longand narrow paint-jet coming from the nozzleF;

The form of the jets and the convergence of the air-jets above and belowthe paint-jet, as well as the prolongation of the walls A beyond the endof the nozzleF, form in part the subject-matter of my pendingapplication for Letters Patent, filed January 7, 1896, Serial No.574,579. Ihave, however, improved upon the construction of my saidformer applica.- tion by providing a series of diverging or fanlike ribsor fingers F, which are preferably shown, and tit against the Walls A ofthe nozzle A. These diverging flanges insure the propel? spreading outof the air-jets comingA from thev nozzle A and have been: found animportant improvement upon my former construction. To prevent, however,the issuance.

of the airfj etsin separate streams rather than steady sheets, I form atthe outer extremity of the ribsV F.' grooves F2, from the outer edges ofwhich the nozzle terminates inplane tongues, asindicated at F3.Thefunctionof the groovesis to serve as a reservoir or equal-l izingchamber for the air, andtheir presence insures.y the issuance of theyairfjets in fiat uniformI sheets or bands.

It will be noticed that when the nozzles A and F are. in operativeposition they are securely locked together, and whenitis desired, forinstance, that the jet should bevertical instead of. horizontal, asshown, it is only necessaryto turn the nozzle A, the motion of whichwill also Vturn the nozzle F, theelastic washers I) and. D permittingthis angular adjustment without liability to leal; at the joint. It willbe' understood that the oil enters.

the nozzle F throught-he end B of the,'tube B?, from. which it passesthrough tube Gto. the nozzle on the other end. The air enters the` tubeBthrough avalve-port B8, passing di.-

reetly to the nozzle A. The port, B8 connectsy thetubeBwitha passage B9,which may bev conveniently formed in one casting with tube B, as shown,an opening, as indicated at B8, being leftfor the insertion of thevalve.

indicatesla metallic ring to which is securedthe upper end of the Wall J`of thepaintaresecuredto a plate I, andthe topof the reservoir-chamberis preferably formed of a flexible diaphragm, (indicated at, K,)Lindicatingfa metallic cover secured above ,the da# phraginV K andpreferably formedv into,tw,oA

domes, aslindicated at L and L2, L3 being an opening infthe covering andL 4 and L5 tubu-` larextensionsfromthe top ofthe two domes L and. L?

` M indicates apaint-supply nozzle entering the' reservoir-chamber,which I have marked J and preferably c ut oifl obliquely, asindi-ccatedvat M', to forma valve-seat, y

M2 is a flexible paint-supply pipe. secured to kthe tube M by a clampingdevicefsuch, for instance, as M3.

`The lower edges of the wall J reservoir by. means of the tubularextension B5, which passes through the walls, an elastic d washer l)2being placed between the butt-end l (indicated at B7) of tube B and thewall J,

while on the inside of the wall J, I place a washer N, which is pressedagainst the wall 'nl by the action of a nut N. cast upon the out-erYwalls of the nozzlelF, as q O-vand o are valve-stems supporting at theirlower ends inclined valve-holding devices, as .indicated at O and o'.Flanges O2 ando2 on ithe valve-stems rest against the. inside of thediaphragm K, whilenn'ts O3 and 03, screwing jupon thevalve-stems, clampthe diaphragm againstthe flanges YOzand, o2. The upper ends ofthe,valve,stems pass into the perforations in springfadjusting. screwsO4 and 04. l'lhese screws engage with internall screwthreads in thesleevesLtand, L5 andr adjust the tension of springs O5 and 05, whichrest, respectively, against 'the nuts O3 and o3.

O6 and o6 arevalve-holdin g plates by means of which thetwoobliquely-setvalves O7 and 207 are secured to the valve-spindles and held iinposition toclose the oblique tube-openin gs B( and M'. By thisarrangement and con .struction of the valves and openings closed therebyI am enabledto use the vertical spindles to advantage, and I will herestate that both valves O7 and. o7 are arranged so. as to normally closethe openings; to Which they pertain. Thusin theconstruction shown thesprings O? and o8, hereV formed on a single 'spring-plate, pressagainstthe lower ends of the valve-supporting device andv press thevalves into position against the openings B6 andMC ll/IanipulationofAthe. screws 0.4 and oL1 regulates thefamount of. pressure by which thevalve is heldv seated, and obviously the construction describedwith.reference to the valve vo7, controlling the inflow of paint to thereservoir J', makes thisyalvel in effecta pressure-reducing valve.Thisvis important, as thepaint flows throughthe pipe M at considerablepressure, while onlya few pounds pressure is desired inthe reservoir J.The valve O7., controlling the delivery of paint from the chamber J',isoperated bya pivoted lever I), said lever .being pivoted on the .coverL; at P', havin g, preferably,V a spherical; socket P2, adapted toreston the sphericalv topjofY the nut O3, while fromjheouter or .free end ofthe. leverextend rodsP'f Poneon each side ofI the reservoirand. eachYterminating in` a thumbgrip P4, placed. within easy reach of the thumbof the operator, holding` the paintingdevice in. his hand. I prefer. touse, two

thumb-grips, so that'one of them will be within kreach of`v the`operators thumb. whether he holds the device in his right or. hislefthand.

Q is the handle, which ispreferably formed, as shown, like the grip orhandle of a pistol.

IZO

seams s Above the grip proper the handle, which is preferably made intwo paris secured together by rivets or screws q, is grooved or slotted,so as to provide a recess to receive the tubular extension B9 of tube Band its extension and also to give passage to thetrigger-valve-controllin g device Q4, which is pivoied at Q5 and has anextension QG, which engages the rod R oi a valve Rf, which controls theair-opening BS. The spindle or rod R passes through the stuffing-box,which, as shown, is made up of an annular Washer R2, an elastic gasketor washer D4, and a perforated screw-block R3. The trigger-handle Q4lies Within reach of the operators fingers 'as he grips the handle Q andshould preferably lie in a slot or opening Q3, so that the ngersgripping the handle Q Will normally lie over the trigger Q4. A springQ7, which may rest upon a plate Q8, screwed to the sides Q' ot' thehandle, serves to hold the valve R normally in its closed position.

M2 and S2 are flexible pipes, one serving as a conduit for paint to thereservoir J and the other as a conduit for compressed air, leadingthrough the nipple S and pipe-section S to the pipe extension B9 alreadydescribed. These exible pipes may of course lead from any convenientreservoiror reservoirs, but preferably I connect them with a movablesupply-tank for both paint and air, such a tank being shown at T, Fig.10, the paintpipe M2 leading into the bottom of the tank, as shown atU10, V3 being a valve controlling the iiow from the tank at this point.The compressed-air pipe`S2, I connect with a pipe U3, which said pipeopens into the bottom of the tank T at U1 and into the top of the tankat U5, having'l also at its upper end an opening at U7, leading to theopen air and controlled by a valve V2.

U2 is a pipe connection. leading from the pipe Us and preferably havingsituated in it a pressure-redu cing valve, as indicated at U, U being aremovable pipe by which the pipesection U2 can be at will connected withan air-pump or reservoir of compressed air-as, for instance, asindicated at NV. Valves V and V are situated in the pipe Il3 below theconnection of the pipe S2 with said pipe U3 and above the connection ofthe pipe U2 With said pipe. U8 indicates a pressure-gage secured on anelbouT U6 of the pipe U3.

T indicates the cover of the tank, which is pressed down upon the topthereof conveniently by means of a screw T5, upon which a hand-wheel TGscrews. The lower end of the screw T5 is engaged, through its head T4,by a yoke-piece T2, and the hand-Wheel screws down upon a clampingdevice T3, which rests upon the top T3. Most conveniently the tank T issecured to a WheelbarroW-like vehicle Y, having a front Wheel Y', Whileiron feet Y2, secured to the bottom of the tank, take the place of thelegs of the Wheelbarrow.

In illing the tank the paint is most conveniently introduced from thetop, being of course in liquid form. Then to charge the tank withcompressed air the valve V is closed and the valve V opened andcompressed air is permitted to enter through U2, U3, and U5 until thedesired amount is contained in the tank. I prefer to charge the tank ata pressure in the neighborhood of sixty pounds per square inch. The tankcharged as above, to gether with the flexible pipes leading from thetank and the handle carrying the spraying device, can be transportedreadily from place to place, as desired. W'hen in use, the valve V3 isopened, permitting the paint to llow from the pipe M2, While of coursethe air is permitted to iiow through the pipe S2. The paint, by thereducingvalve already described, flows into the reservoir J until atvery much reduced pressure, and is not permitted to exceed this pressurein said reservoir.

From time to time it is necessary to stir the paint in the tank, andthis is accomplished by closing the valve V', opening the valve V, andopening the valve V2. Then connecting the pipe U3 with the source ofcompressed air U the air will dow into the bottom of the tank at U4 andescape from the top of the tank through U5 and U7, effecting, of course,

a complete stirring of the contents ofthe tank.

Having now described my invention, What I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Iletters Patent, is

1. A paint-sprayin g device having apistolgrip as Q, valves as O7 and Rcontrolling the flow of paint and impelling iiuid to the spraying-nozzle and trigger-valvc-actuatin g devices as Q4 and P4 one lying inreach of the lingers and the other Within reach of the thu mb when thegrip Q is held in the hand.

2. A paint-spraying device having a pistolgrip as Q, valves as O7 and Rcontrolling the flow of paint and impelling iiuid to the spraying-nozzleand tri gger-valve-actuating devices for opening said valves, one as Q4lying in front of grip Q and the others P4 P4 extending on each side ofgrip Q to position Within easy reach of the `thumb of the operator.

3. A paint-spraying nozzle having supported upon a handle as Q apaint-reservoir J' and a narrow divergin g paint-conduit .as B9 S andhaving also nozzle jet-forming devices as A and F in combination withvalves as R and 07 controlling the flow of air and paint to the nozzleand a pressure-reducing valve as o7 controlling the flow of paint to thereservoir J.

4. In a paint-sprayin g device the combination with a handle and a tubeas B secured thereto, of an oil-nozzle as F attached by a screw-union tothe rear end of the said tube an elastic gasket D', against which saidscrewunion rests, an air-nozzle as A secured by screw-union upon theouter end of tube B and an elastic gasket D, against which saidlast-mentioned union rests, said nozzles F and IOO IIO

A being when inoperative position locked together as described and sothat turning nozzle A will also turn nozzle F.

5. In a paint-spraying device a narrow diverging paint-nozzle as F incombination with narrow divergin g nozzles formed on each side thereof,a series of divergi ng fan-like Webs as F' situated in the air-nozzlesand serving to spread the jets and an enlargement as F2 betWeen theouter ends of the Webs and the extreme end of the air-jets.

G. In a paint-spraying device the paint-nozzle F having converging sideWalls formed with fan-like Webs F', grooves F2 and smooth ends F3 saidnozzle having straight lateral edges F4 in combination with theair-nozzle A having converging side Walls A and lateral grooves as A4adapted to receive the lateral edges F4 of the paint-nozzle.

7. In a paint-spraying device adapted to be held in the hand and havingan oil-reservoir as J' the combination with said reservoir of apaint-delivery pipe as B5 having an oblique endBG in the reservoir, anobliquely-set val-ve O7 adapted to close said pipe end and a valvestem Oset substantially at right angles to pipe B5 and extending outside ofthe reservoir.

8. In a paint-spraying device adapted to be' held in the hand and havingan oil-reservoir as J the combination with said reservoir of apaint-delivery pipe as B5 having an oblique end B6 in the reservoir, apaint-receivin g pipe as M having also an oblique end M in thereservoir, obliquely-set valves O7 and o7 arranged to close the pipeends B and M',valve stems as O and extending through the Walls of thereservoir, a spring or springs as O2 oS acting to close valves O7 07 andadjustable springs as O 05 acting against springs O2 08 as described.

0. In a paint-spraying device substantially as described thepaint-reservoir J' having a flexible top as K in combination With pipesB5 and M, valves adapted to close said pipes and valve-stenns securedthereto said steins passing through and being clamped to the flexibletop K.

10. In a paint-spraying device substantially as described thepaint-reservoir J' having a iiexible top as K and metallic cover L inconibination with pipes B5 and M, valves adapted 4to close said pipesand valve-stems secured thereto said stems passing through and beingclamped to the flexible top K, springs as O5 fr arranged to press downon the valve-stems and adjusting-screws as O4 o4 for regulating thetension of said springs.

ll. In combination with a hand paint-spraying device having iiexiblesupply-pipes M2 and S2 a portable reservoir T having a pipe U3connecting with the reservoir at top and bottoni, a receiving connectionas U2, valves as V and V' situated below and above connection U2, anescape-opening as U7 situated above valve V', a valve V2 controlling theescape-openin g, a connection U2A for iexible pipe S2 situated betweenv-alves V and V', and a connection U10 for pipe M2. i

l2. In combination with a hand paint-spray ing device having ieXiblesupply-pipes M2 and S2, a portable reservoir T having a pipe U2connecting with the reservoir at top and bottoni, a receiving connectionas U2, a pressurereducing valve U situated therein, valves as V and V'situated below and above connection U2an escape-opening as U7situatedabove valve V' a valve V2 controlling the escapeopening, a connection U9for flexible pipe S2 situated between valves V and V' and a connectionU10 for pipe M2.

ABEL FISHER.

Vitnesses:

F. S. BEREsFoRD, H. W. DIEM.

